Utilization of agricultural waste biomass for co-firing fuel for coal-fired power plant with consideration of the potential of slagging, fouling, and abrasion in pulverized coal (PC) boilers

The world is moving towards clean energy, especially since the Paris Agreement in 2016. Indonesia no exception, which must reach 23% of its total energy mix usage from renewable sources by 2025, as stated President Regulation No. 22/2017. Biomass a source can be used co-firing fuel for power plants based on calorific value. This study discusses some most important characteristics needed fuels, including slagging, fouling, and abrasion, using palm empty fruit bunch (EFB), rice husk (RH), EFB-RH blended with composition 5%, 15%, 25%, 35% low-rank coal (LRC) bituminous (BTC). results showed that addition biomass BTC has significant effect slagging fouling potential. Conversely, to LRC significantly reduced potential up EFB 20%. For blends 75% 25% blends, only 100% RH considered aspect risk. From abrasion characteristics, two types coals did not show any problem all compositions studied.